Monday, January 2, 2023

Thinking Activity - Trends and Movements

Hello readers, I'm writing this blog as an assignment given by the Department of English, MKBU. Here, I've tried to define various trends and movements like Expressionism, Surrealism and Dadaism with examples of famous artworks and Artists of this ism. I also tried to show my artwork of this movements as per suggestion of Yesha Bhatt Ma'am.

Expressionism:

Expressionism, as a literary and artistic movement, flourished in Europe, particularly in Germany, between 1914 and 1924. The term, as distinct from Croce's aesthetic theory of art, was first used by the French painter, Herve, in 1901, and was applied to literature by Hermann Bahr in 191

Expressionism was a reaction against realism and naturalism. Writers were interested in emotion and psychology. Whether in writing or in visual arts, those who practiced expressionism did so to explore spiritual reality. They were more interested in what reality the mind created than that which was in front of their eyes. The influence of one on the other was also an important feature of their work.


Artworks and Artists of Expressionism:

1893

The Scream

Artist: Edvard Munch

1903

Der Blaue Reiter

Artist: Wassily Kandinsky

1911

Large Blue Horses

Artist: Franz Marc

1909

Hans Tietze and Erica Tietze-Conrat

Artist: Oskar Kokoschka

1913

Street, Berlin

Artist: Ernst Ludwig Kirchner

1917

Sitting Woman with Legs Drawn Up

Artist: Egon Schiele

1912

Houses at Night

Artist: Karl Schmidt-Rottluff

1919

Portrait of a Man

Artist: Erich Heckel


1920

Mad Woman

Artist: Chaim Soutine

Expressionism by me and my classmates:

As per the suggestion of Yesha Ma'am, we sem 2 students tried to do Expressionism painting by using smart board. All of us participated enthusiastically. And from all us's collaborative work we could get a new painting. Everyone drew a picture according to their own ideas.




Surrealism:

The word ‘surrealist’ (suggesting ‘beyond reality’) was coined by the French avant-garde poet Guillaume Apollinaire in the preface to a play performed in 1917. But it was André Breton, leader of a new grouping of poets and artists in Paris, who, in his Surrealist Manifesto (1924), defined surrealism as:

pure psychic automatism, by which one proposes to express, either verbally, in writing, or by any other manner, the real functioning of thought. Dictation of thought in the absence of all control exercised by reason, outside of all aesthetic and moral preoccupation.

Many surrealist artists have used automatic drawing or writing to unlock ideas and images from their unconscious minds. Others have wanted to depict dream worlds or hidden psychological tensions. Surrealist artists have also drawn inspiration from mysticism, ancient cultures and Indigenous art and knowledges as a way of imagining alternative realities.


Artworks and Artists of Surrealism:

Remedios Varo Uranga, Celestial Pablum, 1858


Giorgio de Chirico, The Song of Love, 1914


Max Ernst, Ubu Imperator, 1923


Joan Miro, Harlequin’s carnival, 1924


René Magritte, The Treachery of Images, 1928


Leonora Carrington, Self-Portrait, 1937-1938


Yves Tanguy, Indefinite Divisibility, 1942


Kay Sage, I Saw Three Cities, 1944


My art of Surrealism:

I drew a picture following surrealism. In which I drew a broken bulb, and inside this bulb a few parts of nature that come out after breaking the bulb, including natural object like a bird, branch and water.

I tried to ask my friends and other people that which theme do you find in my painting? Majority of them were said that this is a picture about freedom of nature. Nature is not secure with electricity and such technological tools. And I also agree with them.

Dadaism:

The term “dada” was invented by the Roman writer, Tristan Tzara (1896–1963) at Hugo Ball’s Cabaret Voltaire in Zürich, during one of the meetings held by a group of artists in 1916.

“Dada” is a colloquial French word which means “hobby-horse.” Dadaism sprang to life as a form of protest against the absurdity and ridiculousness of modernity. Dadaism as a movement began during the early hours of the 1910s.

Artists of this movement through their works ridiculed the meaningless and baselessness of the modern world. Due to the “controversial” nature of Dadaism, it was seen as an art movement that is against the standard and norms that society stands for. One major factor that facilitated the start of Dadaism was World War 1 between 1914 – 1918.

The definition of Dadaism is revolving around the incidents that occurred during its origin. It is a movement because it is an art form spearheaded and adopted by a group of artists with a similar philosophy and style at a particular period.

This movement sees art in the danger of being degraded. During its origin, the founders thought that the art existed during that time is degrading. Hence, Dadaism aims at creating a new art form different from all other preceding arts.


Artworks and Artists of Dadaism:

Marcel Duchamp, Fountain, 1917


Marcel Duchamp, Bicycle Wheel, 1913


Hugo Ball, Karawane, 1916


Raoul Hausmann, Mechanical Head (The Spirit of our Time), 1920


Hannah Höch, Cut with the Kitchen Knife Dada Through the Last Weimar Beer-Belly Cultural Epoch of Germany, 1919


My Art of Dadaism:

I try to make a dadaist poem with the help of a newspaper. First I cut different words from the newspaper and then stitched them all as a poem. 




Poem:

Commercial Lockerbie on PULLOVER 'darkest 

dream Rainbow-Sleeved Southgate Argentina's 

Minister blast, shell guys extremism

says digest Amelie 

Bounou drug Three your Russian 

French system, makes relaunched 

Imam Minister ICUs deals 

Misses WC Goalkeeper 






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